Continuous Glucose Monitoring System Mechanisms
Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) systems provide real-time data on glucose levels in the interstitial fluid. Unlike traditional finger-stick tests that provide a single point in time, CGM offers a detailed view of glucose trends and fluctuations. This technology is vital for individuals managing insulin-dependent diabetes.
A CGM system consists of a small sensor inserted under the skin, a transmitter, and a receiver or smartphone app. The sensor continuously measures glucose levels and sends the data wirelessly. This allows for the identification of patterns, such as nocturnal hypoglycemia or postprandial spikes, that might otherwise be missed.
The sensor uses the enzyme glucose oxidase to react with glucose in the interstitial fluid, generating a small electrical current proportional to the glucose concentration. It is important to note that there is a slight "lag time" of 5 to 15 minutes between blood glucose levels and interstitial glucose levels. However, for most daily management…